Evaluation of Root Canal Configuration of Mandibular
Molars in a Brazilian Population by Using Cone-beam
Computed Tomography: An In Vivo Study
Emmanuel Joao Nogueira Leal Silva, DDS, MSc, PhD,* Yuri Nejaim, DDS,†
Amaro V. Silva, DDS, MSc,† Francisco Haiter-Neto, DDS, MSc, PhD,† and Nestor Cohenca, DDS‡
Introduction: The aim of this study was to analyze and
characterize root canal morphology of mandibular
molars of the Brazilian population by using cone-beam
computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: Patients
who required CBCT radiographic examinations as part
of their routine examination, diagnosis, and treatment
planning were enrolled in the study. A total of 460
healthy, untreated, fully developed mandibular first
and second molars were included (234 first molars
and 226 second molars). The following observations
were recorded: (1) number of roots and their
morphology, (2) number of canals per root, (3) C-shaped
canals, and (4) primary variations in the morphology of
the root canal systems. Results: First molars showed
a higher prevalence of 2 canals in the mesial root and
1 in the distal root with 2 separate roots (74%). In the
mandibular second molars, the presence of 2 separate
roots with 2 canals in the mesial root and 1 canal in
the distal root represented 54% of the total. In 32%
of the cases, 2 separate roots with 1 canal each in the
mesial and distal roots were presented. The incidence
of C-shaped canals was 1.7% of first molars and 3.5%
of second molars. Conclusions: A higher prevalence
of 2 separate roots with 2 canals in the mesial root
and 1 canal in the distal root was observed in mandib-
ular first and second molars (74% and 54%, respec-
tively). Also, a lower incidence of C-shaped canals and
3-rooted teeth was observed in a Brazilian population.
CBCT is a clinically useful tool for endodontic diagnosis
and treatment.
(J Endod 2013;39:849–852)
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