Comparison of a Continuous Ultrasonic Irrigation Device
and Conventional Needle Irrigation in the Removal of Root Canal Debris
Tyson O. Curtis, DDS, and Christine M. Sedgley, MDS, MDSc, PhD
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this in vitro study was
to compare a continuous ultrasonic irrigation device
(VPro StreamClean System [VSS], Vista Dental Products,
Racine, WI) with conventional needle irrigation when
used as a final irrigation procedure to debride the apical
region of the root canal. The null hypothesis that there is
no difference was tested. Methods: Root canals of
matched pairs (N = 20) of extracted human teeth
were prepared to an apical size of 36/.04 using Profile
series 29/.04 rotary files (Dentsply Tulsa Dental, Tulsa,
OK) with 6% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) irrigation.
One tooth of each pair was randomly assigned to receive
final irrigation with either VSS or conventional needle
irrigation. The gauge of the needle (#30), the irrigation
cycles (ie, 5 mL NaOCl, 5 mL 15% EDTA, and 5 mL
NaOCl), the irrigant flow rate (5 mL/min), and needle
depth placement (1 mm from the working length
[WL]) were experimental constants. Serial sections
were obtained at 1 and 3 mm from the WL, stained
with hematoxylin-eosin, and viewed at 100 magnifica-
tion for the presence of debris. The percentage of debris
in the canal lumen after VSS or conventional needle irri-
gation was compared by using the Wilcoxon matched
pairs test. Results: There was significantly less debris
in the VSS group compared with the conventional needle
irrigation group at the 1-mm level (1.50% [VSS] vs
9.90% [conventional needle irrigation], P = .0001)
and the 3-mm level (0.45% [VSS] vs 5.16% [conven-
tional needle irrigation], P = .0014). The null hypothesis
was rejected. Conclusions: Final irrigation with the VSS
compared with conventional needle irrigation delivery
resulted in significantly less debris present in root canals
at 1 and 3 mm from the WL. (J Endod 2012;38:1261–
1264)
Key Words
Apical, debris, irrigation, root canal, ultrasonic
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